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51.
Student motivation may have significant influences on essential academic outcomes. However, students’ motivation may decline as they grow older. This study examined six motivation constructs (self-efficacy, interest, mastery goal orientation, engagement, avoidance coping, and effort withdrawal) of students from 78 schools in Singapore (N = 4214) in learning English. Using a large and diverse sample of primary 5 (5th grade) and secondary 3 (9th grade) students, grade and gender differences in these constructs were examined. Applying a MIMIC approach to structural equation modeling, the paths from grade and gender as well as the grade × gender interaction variable were found to be significant. That is, (a) the scores for self-efficacy, interest, mastery goal orientation, and engagement tended to be lower whereas avoidance coping and effort withdrawal tended to be higher for the secondary students, (b) boys tended to have lower scores; and (c) the gap in motivation between primary and secondary tended to be greater for girls. Since motivation may have important influences on subsequent learning outcomes, we need to seriously consider the implications of these grade- and gender-related patterns and pay attention particularly to boys in primary schools and girls in secondary schools. 相似文献
52.
REN Wei YEUNG D.Y. JIN Hai 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2006,7(10):1683-1689
INTRODUCTION Widely varying mobility characteristics are ex- pected to have significant impact on the performance of routing protocols. Many previous works focused on the routing protocols and seldom discussed the impact of mobility on the transport layer protocol. On the other hand, the performance of the transport layer protocol over different routing protocols was evalu- ated in some previous works (Ahuja et al., 2000; Dyer and Boppana, 2001), but they always used the Ran- dom Waypoin… 相似文献
53.
Research in Higher Education - Widespread attention to college tuition and student loan debt has resulted in increasing scrutiny of high levels of compensation for college and university... 相似文献
54.
A closed‐form questionnaire was used to explore the ideas of school students about the composition of air, the causes and consequences of air pollution and the extent to which the students would accept various courses of action to reduce air pollution. Items for the questionnaire were derived from the results of interviews and an earlier open‐form questionnaire. More than 3000 students aged 11 to 17 years and from Australia, Hong Kong and the UK were surveyed. There was a degree of similarity between students from the different countries in their knowledge about air composition and air pollution. In terms of attitudes, however, there were differences in students' opinions about the acceptability of actions to improve air quality. Path analysis of the data appeared to show that Hong Kong students are more amenable to education as an instrument to influence their attitudes. For the other countries, the acceptability of actions for environmental protection was related to the degree of concern about air quality 相似文献
55.
Shu-Nu Chang Yau-Yuen Yeung May Hung Cheng 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2009,18(5):447-457
Students’ learning interests and attitudes toward science have both been studied for decades. However, the connection between
them with students’ life experiences about science and technology has not been addressed much. The purpose of this study is
to investigate students’ learning interests and life experiences about science and technology, and also their attitudes toward
technology. A total of 942 urban ninth graders in Taiwan were invited to participate in this study. A Likert scale questionnaire,
which was developed from an international project, ROSE, was adapted to collect students’ ideas. The results indicated that
boys showed higher learning interests in sustainability issues and scientific topics than girls. However, girls recalled more
life experiences about science and technology in life than boys. The data also presented high values of Pearson correlation
about learning interests and life experiences related to science and technology, and in the perspective on attitudes towards
technology. Ways to promote girls’ learning interests about science and technology and the implications of teaching and research
are discussed as well. 相似文献
56.
Eighth grade students in Australia (N = 60) participated in an experiment on learning how to solve percentage change problems in a regular classroom in three conditions: unitary, pictorial, and equation approaches. The procedure involved a pre-test, an acquisition phase, and a post-test. The main goal was to test the relative merits of the three approaches from a cognitive load perspective. Experimental results indicated superior performance of the equation approach over the unitary or pictorial approach especially for the complex tasks. The unitary approach required students not only to process the interaction between numerous elements within and across solution steps, but also to search for critical information, thus imposing high cognitive load. The pictorial approach did not provide a consistent approach to tackling various percentage change problems. Coupled with the need to coordinate multiple elements within and across solution steps, and the need to search for relevant information in the diagram, this approach imposed high cognitive load. By treating the prior knowledge of percentage quantity as a single unit, the equation approach required students to process two elements only. Empirical evidence and theoretical support favor the equation approach as an instructional method for learning how to solve percentage change problems for eighth graders. 相似文献
57.
Pakey Pui-man Chik Connie Suk-han Ho Pui-sze Yeung David Wai-ock Chan Kevin Kien-hoa Chung Hui Luan Lap-yan Lo Wendy Suet-yee Lau 《Reading and writing》2012,25(3):679-699
The present study examined the role of syntactic skills for reading comprehension in Chinese. Two hundred and seventy-two
Chinese children were tested on their phonological processing, orthographic, morphological, syntactic, and literacy skills
at Grades 1 and 2. Hierarchical multiple regression results showed that syntactic skills, in terms of word order, connective
usage, and knowledge of morphosyntactic structure (measured by an oral cloze task) in Grade 1, significantly predicted sentence
reading comprehension in Grade 2 after controlling for the children’s age, IQ, and word level reading-related cognitive skills
in Grade 1, and word reading in Grade 2. As in alphabetic languages, syntactic skills are essential for reading comprehension
in Chinese. The unique roles of individual syntactic skills for understanding sentences in Chinese are discussed. 相似文献
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59.
Chinese students’ science-related experiences: Comparison of the ROSE study in Xinjiang and Shanghai
Background: Students’ daily-life experiences may render favorable effects on the students’ affective domain like interest, enthusiasm, motivation, joy, curiosity, awareness, and eagerness to learn science as not commonly found in the classroom environment. However, no rigorous research has been reported on those aspects in Mainland China despite many recent studies done in various Western countries.Purpose: This paper aims to report and compare the science-related experiences of ninth-graders from two places (in Urumqi City of Xinjiang province and Shanghai) in China through a large-scale survey of their junior secondary three students.Sample: The sample consists of 4115 students in Urumqi City (from 28 schools) and Shanghai (from 25 schools).Design and methods: This study adopted a Likert scale questionnaire instrument, as translated from the international Relevance Of Science Education (ROSE) Project. From a confirmatory factor analysis of the data, we identify and focus on six factors which are directly correlated with students’ science-related experiences outside school environment in Xinjiang and Shanghai and employ relevant factor scores to compare the gender, regional, and socioeconomic effects.Results: As revealed by the t-test, gender and regional differences were statistically significant in affecting (1) students’ outdoor living experience, (2) hands-on experience of transportation, and (3) their daily-life experience with do-it-yourself tools and models. In all three aspects, boys and Xinjiang students possessed richer experiences than girls and Shanghai students, respectively.Conclusions: Based on ANOVA tests, Shanghai students’ out-of-school science-related experiences were more often significantly affected by various socioeconomic variables (including their parents’ education and occupation and their family income) than Xinjiang students. From cross-regional comparison, Chinese students had much fewer science-related experiences than those of Greek and Finnish students. The limitations and educational implications of the present study are also discussed. 相似文献
60.
Yeung Chung Lee 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(4):515-541
The roles of science in society and the nature of science are the focus of many science curricula. Current views about these two aspects of science have largely been informed by the history of scientific development. This article uses the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome—a recent health scare—as a case study to explore the roles of science and their relationship with the nature of science and societal factors. The review provides deeper insight into the difficulties that are encountered in fulfilling these roles, particularly those that relate to the nature of science. This review has implications for both school and public science education. 相似文献